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Monteiro Lobato is considered the most important Brazilian writer on literature for children. He also wrote books for adults. Their subject was mainly social and economic problems on his country. Birthname was José Renato Monteiro Lobato. It is common knowledge that he adopted "José Bento Monteiro Lobato" after inheriting father's belongings with initials "J.B.M.L." (his father's name was José Bento Marcondes Lobato). Created first Brazilian company dedicated to printing books. Before him, Brazilian books were printed in Portugal. Arrested twice in the 1940s for his campaign for the nationalization of brazilian mineral resources, particularly iron ore and oil.