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First president of Kenya (1964 - 78). Founder of various pan-African nationalist movements. He was imprisoned by the British colonial powers following the Mau Mau uprising (see films such as Simba (1955), 0049706 or Something of Value (1957) in 1952 and was exiled in 1959. He was released from prison in 1961 and was elected to the Legislative Council in 1962. He tried to unite the African parties but failed and accepted the leadership of KANU.