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Esmail Koushan or Kooshan (1917-1981) was an Iranian film director who was one of the pioneering figures of Persian cinema. He has been called "the father of the Iranian film industry" by Georges Sadoul. Koushan, studied Economics in Berlin, Germany and Vienna, Austria. He moved to Turkey in 1945 and began dubbing foreign-language films into Farsi. He then set up the Mitrafilm company, which produced the first Iranian "talkie" feature film in 1948, The Storm of Life. He is the brother of Mahmoud Koushan (Director and Cinematoghrapher). He was the founder of Pars Film Studio and published the World and Art magazine in Tehran. He also was the head of Iran national film industry Union in 1969. Esmail Koushan was banned from making movies, by the Iranian government in 1979. www.koushan.life